Scottish Jacobite Rising of 1745 Begins Invasion of England

English army sets out from Newcastle in vain attempt to stop Scottish Jacobite invasion of England.

The Jacobites were supporters of the exiled Stuart monarchs, who sought to restore the Catholic James II and his descendants to the thrones of England, Ireland, and Scotland.

The term “Jacobite” is derived from “Jacobus,” the Latin form of James.

The Jacobite rising of 1745, also known as the Forty-five Rebellion or simply the ‘45 was an attempt by Charles Edward Stuart to regain the British throne for his father, James Francis Edward Stuart.

The Jacobite invasion took place in 1745 during the Jacobite rising led by Charles Edward Stuart, known as Bonnie Prince Charlie.

Charles launched the rebellion on 19 August 1745 at Glenfinnan in the Scottish Highlands, capturing Edinburgh and winning the Battle of Prestonpans in September. At a council in October, the Scots agreed to invade England after Charles assured them of substantial support from English Jacobites and a simultaneous French landing in Southern England.

On that basis, the Jacobite army entered England in early November, but neither of these assurances proved accurate. On reaching Derby on 4 December, they halted to discuss future strategy.

The Jacobite forces entered England and reached as far south as Derby.

Despite victory at Falkirk Muir in January 1746, defeat at Culloden in April ended the Jacobite uprising. Charles escaped to France, but was unable to win support for another attempt, and died in Rome in 1788.