James graham, ( montrose), scottish royalist commander, executed by cromwellian government

James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose (1612 - 21 May 1650), was a Scottish nobleman and soldier, who initially joined the Covenanters in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, but subsequently supported King Charles I as the English Civil War developed. From 1644 to 1650 he fought a Scottish Civil War on behalf of the King.

In June 1649, burning to revenge the death of the king, he was restored by the exiled Charles II to the now nominal lieutenancy of Scotland. Charles however did not scruple shortly afterwards to disavow his noblest supporter in order to become a king on terms dictated by Argyll and Argylls adherents. In March 1650 Montrose landed in the Orkneys to take the command of a small force which he had sent on before him. Crossing to the mainland, he tried in vain to raise the clans, and on 27 April he was surprised and routed at the Battle of Carbisdale (1650) in Ross-shire. His forces were defeated in battle but he escaped. After wandering for some time he was surrendered by Macleod of Assynt, to whose protection, in ignorance of Macleods political enmity, he had entrusted himself. He was brought a prisoner to Edinburgh, and on 20 May sentenced to death by the parliament. He was hanged on the 21st, with Wisharts laudatory biography of him put round his neck. To the last he protested that he was a real Covenanter and a loyal subject.